How does an external gear pump operate?

Study for the Massachusetts 3rd Class Engineer Exam. Access flashcards and multiple choice questions with hints and explanations. Prepare for success on your exam!

An external gear pump operates primarily through the interlocking of gear teeth within a casing. As the gears rotate, the space between the gear teeth traps fluid and moves it from the inlet to the outlet. The design ensures that fluid is effectively transferred through the pump, utilizing the precise fit between the gears and the casing to create a low-pressure area that draws fluid in at the inlet while pushing it out at the discharge side.

The movement of the gears creates a continuous flow of fluid, making this type of pump very efficient for transferring various types of liquids under pressure. This design is particularly advantageous because it minimizes fluid slippage and provides a more stable flow, which is essential in many industrial applications.

In comparison to the other methods mentioned, an impeller system relies on fluid dynamics and centrifugal force to create flow, which is not applicable in a gear pump. Similarly, vibrational methods would not provide the necessary controlled flow and pressure to be effective in fluid transfer. Thus, option B correctly captures the fundamental principle behind the operation of an external gear pump.

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